Comodulation Analysis

The SKIL Comodulation analysis has two basic formats. The first measures the cross-correlation within a given frequency band between recording sites in a single client. This is not a statistical analysis but, instead, a within subject analysis. It is referenced to a correlation coefficient scale from -1 to +1. In this display, a given recording location should correlate +1 with itself, and define a local region of comodulation among adjacent sites. Comodulation is measured here not in terms of waveform shape and phase relationships, as in coherence analysis, but as the sequential comodulation between sites defined by up-dated spectral estimates in a particular frequency band over time.

The second analysis provides for a statistical comparison of comodulation between the client and the database. It is a statistical analysis, and is scaled with reference to standard deviations for database means at a given frequency band in a given state. A 2.0 standard deviation value, plus or minus, indicates a 95% probability of significant increase or decrease in comparison to the database.

The cross-correlation analysis shown below is from an early forties female with severe endogenous depression. This analysis disclosed a unique area of pre-frontal and frontal hyper-correlation (red & pink zones) during the eyes closed state. That is, instead of individual sites in this area showing maximal cross-correlation only with themselves, a group of adjacent sites defined a zone of atypically shared spatio-temporal modulation in the dominant frequency band. This finding has been confirmed in a SKIL group study now underway, and is consistent with findings using other imaging techniques in the study of depression. Other patterns of deviant comodulation have been identified also in relation to head injury, focal epilepsy, and psychophysiological complaints.

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